{"id":8096,"date":"2020-11-18T09:22:37","date_gmt":"2020-11-18T09:22:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/?p=8096"},"modified":"2020-11-18T09:22:37","modified_gmt":"2020-11-18T09:22:37","slug":"histograms-and-descriptive-statistics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/index.php\/2020\/11\/18\/histograms-and-descriptive-statistics\/","title":{"rendered":"Histograms and Descriptive Statistics"},"content":{"rendered":"<style type=\"text\/css\"><\/style><p>Preparation<br \/>\nThis assessment has three parts, each of which is described below. Submit all three parts as Word documents.<br \/>\nNote: All the course documents you will need for the assessment are linked in the Resources section.<br \/>\nRead Assessment 1 Contextto learn about the concepts used in this assessment.<br \/>\nThis assessment uses the grades.sav file, found in the Resources for this assessment.<br \/>\nThe fictional data in the grades.sav file represent a teacher\u2019s recording of student demographics and performance on quizzes and a final exam across three sections of the course. Each section consists of about 35 students (N = 105).<br \/>\nThere are 21 variables in grades.sav. To prepare for this assessment, complete the following:<\/p>\n<p>Open your grades.sav file and navigate to the \u201cVariable View\u201d tab.<br \/>\nRead the Data Set Instructions, and make sure you have the correct Values and Scales of Measurement assigned.<\/p>\n<p>Part 1: Histograms and Descriptive Statistics<br \/>\nYour first IBM SSPS assessment includes two sections:<\/p>\n<p>Create two histograms and provide interpretations.<br \/>\nCalculate measures of central tendency and dispersion and provide interpretations.<\/p>\n<p>Key Details and Instructions<\/p>\n<p>Submit your assessment as an attached Word document.<br \/>\nBegin your assessment by creating a properly formatted APA title page. Include a reference list at the end of the document if necessary. On page 2, begin Section 1.<br \/>\nOrganize the narrative report with your SPSS output charts and tables integrated along with your responses to the specific requirements listed for that assessment. (See the Copy\/Export Output Instructions in the Resources for instructions on how to do this.)<br \/>\nLabel all tables and graphs in a manner consistent with APA style and formatting guidelines. Citations, if needed, should be included in the text as well as a reference section at the end of the report.<br \/>\nFor additional help in completing this assessment, refer to IBM SPSS Step-By-Step Instructions: Histograms and Descriptive Statistics, linked in the Resources.<\/p>\n<p>Section 1: Histograms and Visual Interpretation<br \/>\nSection 1 will include one histogram of \u201ctotal\u201d scores for all the males in the data set, and one histogram of \u201ctotal\u201d scores for all the females in the data set.<br \/>\nCreate two histograms using the total and gender variables in your grades.sav data set:<\/p>\n<p>A histogram for male students.<br \/>\nA histogram for female students.<\/p>\n<p>Below the histograms, provide an interpretation based on your visual inspection. Correctly use all of the following terms in your discussion:<\/p>\n<p>Skew.<br \/>\nKurtosis.<br \/>\nOutlier.<br \/>\nSymmetry.<br \/>\nModality.<\/p>\n<p>Comment on any differences between males and females regarding their total scores. Analyze the strengths and limitations of visually interpreting histograms.<br \/>\nSection 2: Calculate and Interpret Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion<br \/>\nUsing the grades.sav file, compute descriptive statistics, including mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis for the following variables:<\/p>\n<p>id.<br \/>\ngender.<br \/>\nethnicity.<br \/>\ngpa.<br \/>\nquiz3.<br \/>\ntotal.<\/p>\n<p>Below the Descriptives table, complete the following:<\/p>\n<p>Indicate which variable or variablesare meaningless to interpret in terms of mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis. Justify your decision.<br \/>\nNext, indicate which variable or variables are meaningful to interpret. Justify your decision. For meaningful variables, specify any variables that are in the ideal range for both skewness and kurtosis.<br \/>\nSpecify any variables that are acceptable but not excellent.<br \/>\nSpecify any variables that are unacceptable. Explain your decisions.<br \/>\nFor all meaningful variables, report and interpret the descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis).<\/p>\n<p>Part 2: Data Screening<br \/>\nFor this part of the assessment, respond to the following questions:<br \/>\nWhat are the goals of data screening? How can you identify and remedy the following?<\/p>\n<p>Errors in data entry.<br \/>\nOutliers.<br \/>\nMissing data.<\/p>\n<p>Part 3: zScores, Type I and II Error, Null Hypothesis Testing<br \/>\nThis IBM SPSS assessment includes three sections:<\/p>\n<p>Generate zscores for a variable in grades.sav and report\/interpret them.<br \/>\nAnalyze cases of Type I and Type II error.<br \/>\nAnalyze cases to either reject or not reject a null hypothesis.<\/p>\n<p>The format of this assessment should be narrative with supporting statistical output (table and graphs) integrated into the narrative in the appropriate place (not all at the end of the document). See the Copy\/Export Output Instructionsfor instructions on how to do this.<br \/>\nDownload the zScores, Type I and Type II Error, Null Hypothesis Testing Answer Template from the Required Resources, and use the template to complete the following sections:<\/p>\n<p>Section 1: zScores in SPSS.<br \/>\nSection 2: Case Studies of Type I and Type II Error.<br \/>\nSection 3: Case Studies of Null Hypothesis Testing.<\/p>\n<p>Histograms<br \/>\nThe following resources provide information about how to create and interpret histograms.<\/p>\n<p>Lane, D. M. (2013).HyperStat online: An introductory statistics textbook and online tutorial for help in statistics courses. Retrieved from http:\/\/davidmlane.com\/hyperstat<\/p>\n<p>Introduction to Statistics.<br \/>\nDescribing Univariate Data.<\/p>\n<p>StatSoft, Inc. (2013). Electronic statistics textbook. Tulsa, OK: StatSoft. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.statsoft.com\/textbook<\/p>\n<p>Review the following parts of the Elementary Statistics sectionto learn about the normal distribution:<\/p>\n<p>Why the normal distribution is important.<br \/>\nIllustration of how the normal distribution is used in statistical reasoning (induction).<\/p>\n<p>Skillsoft. (2017). Descriptive statistics and graphical methods[Video].<\/p>\n<p>In this section of Using Basic Statistics and Graphical Methods in Six Sigma, watch the sections on histograms and normal probability plots.<\/p>\n<p>Descriptive Statistics<br \/>\nThese resources provide information on creating and interpreting descriptive statistics.<\/p>\n<p>StatSoft, Inc. (2013).Electronic statistics textbook.Tulsa, OK: StatSoft. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.statsoft.com\/textbook<\/p>\n<p>Review the following parts of the Elementary Statisticssection of the book:<\/p>\n<p>What are variables?<br \/>\nMeasurement Scales.<\/p>\n<p>Proceed to the section Basic Statistics and review the subtopics under Descriptive Statistics.<\/p>\n<p>Crabtree, R. (2018).Basic six sigma statistics[Video].Skillsoft.<\/p>\n<p>Open the table of contents and click the segment Measures of Central Tendency. The video segmentsexplain calculating and interpreting these statistics.<br \/>\nRunning time: 23 minutes.<\/p>\n<p>Z Scores<\/p>\n<p>z score table.Retrieved from http:\/\/www.z-table.com\/<\/p>\n<p>This table provides the information needed to answer questions 5 and 6 of the assessment.<\/p>\n<p>Skillsoft. (n.d.).Basic probability and statistical distributions in six sigma[Video].<\/p>\n<p>Navigate to this course\u2019s table of contents, choose \u201cStatistical Distributions,\u201d and watch theProbability Distributions and Normal Distribution videos.<br \/>\nRunning time: 7 minutes.<\/p>\n<p>Type I and Type II Errors<\/p>\n<p>Skillsoft. (2017). Key concepts in hypothesis testing [Video].<\/p>\n<p>In this section of Basics of Hypothesis Testing and Tests for Means in Six Sigma, watch the segment \u201cHypothesis Testing Terminology\u201d for information about Type I and Type II errors.<br \/>\nRunning time: 23minutes.<\/p>\n<p>Null Hypothesis<\/p>\n<p>Lane, D. M. (2013).HyperStat online: An introductory statistics textbook and online tutorial for help in statistics courses. Retrieved from http:\/\/davidmlane.com\/hyperstat<\/p>\n<p>The Logic of Hypothesis Testing.<\/p>\n<p>This section explains hypothesis testing and details the meaning of Type Iand Type II errors.<\/p>\n<p>StatSoft, Inc. (2013).Electronic statistics textbook.Tulsa, OK: StatSoft. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.statsoft.com\/textbook<\/p>\n<p>Review these two parts of the Elementary Concepts section, which explain statistical significance:<\/p>\n<p>What is \u201cstatistical significance\u201d (p value)?<br \/>\nHow to determine that a resultis \u201creally\u201d significant.<\/p>\n<p>Skillsoft. (n.d.).Introduction to hypothesis testing and tests for means in six sigma[Video].<\/p>\n<p>?Navigate to the\u201dKey Concepts in Hypothesis Testing\u201d section of the course.<br \/>\nRunning time: 19 minutes.<\/p>\n<p>Program-Specific Resources<br \/>\nThese programs have opted to provide program-specific content designed to help you better understand how the subject matter is incorporated into your particular field of study.<br \/>\nSchool of PsychologyLearners<\/p>\n<p>Harraway, J. A., &amp; Barker, R. J. (2005).Statistics in the workplace: A survey of use by recent graduates with higher degrees.Statistics Education Research Journal,4(2), 43\u201358.<\/p>\n<p>School of Education Learners<\/p>\n<p>Young, J. R., Young, J. L., &amp; Hamilton, C. (2014).The use of confidence intervals as a meta-analytic lens to summarize the effects of teacher education technology courses on preservice teacher TPACK.Journal of Research on Technology in Education,46(2), 149\u2013172.<br \/>\nHarrison, J., Thompson, B., &amp; Vannest, K. J. (2009).Interpreting the evidence for effective interventions to increase the academic performance of students with ADHD: Relevance of the statistical significance controversy.Review of Educational Research,79(2), 740\u2013775.<\/p>\n<p>Additional Resources for Further Exploration<\/p>\n<p>Khan Academy. (2013). Retrieved from https:\/\/www.khanacademy.org<\/p>\n<p>This website offers resources covering a range of subjects, including statistics.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/orders\/ordernow\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com\/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTyj99p60XCLyLk1htB7-1neRt8-2QdnenNlQ&usqp=CAU\"target=\"_http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/orders\/ordernow\"\/><\/center><p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Preparation This assessment has three parts, each of which is described below. Submit all three parts as Word documents. Note: All the course documents you will need for the assessment are linked in the Resources section. Read Assessment 1 Contextto learn about the concepts used in this assessment. This assessment uses the grades.sav file, found&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8096","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Histograms and Descriptive Statistics - onlineclassesguru<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/index.php\/2020\/11\/18\/histograms-and-descriptive-statistics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Histograms and Descriptive Statistics - onlineclassesguru\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Preparation This assessment has three parts, each of which is described below. 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