{"id":24842,"date":"2021-01-12T07:06:30","date_gmt":"2021-01-12T07:06:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/?p=24842"},"modified":"2021-01-12T07:06:30","modified_gmt":"2021-01-12T07:06:30","slug":"can-you-tell-from-the-title-that-this-research-study-is-going-to-be-about-developing-and-testing-a-new-instrument","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/index.php\/2021\/01\/12\/can-you-tell-from-the-title-that-this-research-study-is-going-to-be-about-developing-and-testing-a-new-instrument\/","title":{"rendered":"Can you tell from the title that this research study is going to be about developing and testing a new instrument?"},"content":{"rendered":"<style type=\"text\/css\"><\/style><h4>Can you tell from the title that this research study is going to be about developing and testing a new instrument?<\/h4>\n<p>2. Who are the intended participants?<br \/>\n3. Is the sample size adequate to produce accurate results? (Not in a pilot test).<br \/>\n4. What is the number of questions on the initial scale\/instrument before any psychometric testing?<br \/>\n5. Did the authors use test-retest for reliability comparing for stability over time?<br \/>\n6. What is the Cronbachs a reported for the instrument as a whole and for any factors (subscales)?<br \/>\n7. How were the different kinds of validity measured? What validity measures did the author(s) report?<br \/>\n8. On the final instrument what were the final # questions?<br \/>\nE46 Vol. 38 No. 1 January 2011 Oncology Nursing Forum<br \/>\nOnline Exclusive Article<br \/>\nThis material is protected by U.S. copyright law. To purchase<br \/>\nquantity reprints e-mail reprints@ons.org. For permission to<br \/>\nreproduce multiple copies e-mail pubpermissions@ons.org.<br \/>\nL ung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths<br \/>\nin men and women in the United States (Centers<br \/>\nfor Disease Control and Prevention 2010).<br \/>\nCompared to patients with other types of cancer<br \/>\npatients with lung cancer experience the<br \/>\ngreatest amount of psychological distress (Else-Quest<br \/>\nLoConte Schiller &amp; Hyde 2009; Holland et al. 2010;<br \/>\nZabora BrintzenhofeSzoc Curbow Hooker &amp; Piantadosi<br \/>\n2001) and have a higher risk for psychological<br \/>\ndistress during and after treatment (Akin Can Aydiner<br \/>\nOzdilli &amp; Durna 2010; Carlsen Jensen Jacobsen Krasnik<br \/>\n&amp; Johansen 2005). Psychological distress is a strong<br \/>\npredictor of lung cancer mortality (Hamer Chida &amp;<br \/>\nMolloy 2009).<br \/>\nHealth-related stigma (HRS) is a perceived stigma that<br \/>\nhas been defined as a personal experience characterized<br \/>\nby exclusion rejection blame or devaluation that<br \/>\nresults from anticipation of an adverse judgment. This<br \/>\njudgment is based on an enduring feature of identity<br \/>\nconferred by a health issue; the judgment is medically<br \/>\nunwarranted and may adversely affect health status<br \/>\n(Weiss &amp; Ramakrishna 2006). HRS has been associated<br \/>\nwith an increase in the stress associated with illness<br \/>\nand contributes to psychological physical and social<br \/>\nmorbidity (Major &amp; OBrien 2005). HRS has been extensively<br \/>\nstudied in patients with HIV and AIDS mental<br \/>\nillness epilepsy and physical disability (Van Brakel<br \/>\n2006) but not in patients with lung cancer.<br \/>\nStigma in lung cancer is based on the belief that the<br \/>\npatients behavior was the cause of the cancer (i.e. by<br \/>\nsmoking). Few studies have examined the presence of<br \/>\nHRS in patients with lung cancer or its effect on patient<br \/>\noutcomes because tools to measure lung cancer stigma<br \/>\ndid not exist (Van Brakel 2006). In one study of the<br \/>\nmeaning of illness women with lung cancer experienced<br \/>\na range of disruptions in quality of life (QOL)<br \/>\nMeasuring Stigma in People With Lung Cancer:<br \/>\nPsychometric Testing of the Cataldo Lung Cancer<br \/>\nStigma Scale<br \/>\nJanine K. Cataldo RN PhD Robert Slaughter PhD Thierry M. Jahan MD<br \/>\nVoranan L. Pongquan RN MPH and Won Ju Hwang RN MPH<br \/>\nPurpose\/Objectives: To develop an instrument to measure<br \/>\nthe stigma perceived by people with lung cancer based on<br \/>\nthe HIV Stigma Scale.<br \/>\nDesign: Psychometric analysis.<br \/>\nSetting: Online survey.<br \/>\nSample: 186 patients with lung cancer.<br \/>\nMethods: An exploratory factor analysis with a common<br \/>\nfactor model using alpha factor extraction.<br \/>\nMain Research Variables: Lung cancer stigma depression<br \/>\nand quality of life.<br \/>\nFindings: Four factors emerged: stigma and shame social<br \/>\nisolation discrimination and smoking. Inspection of unrotated<br \/>\nfirst-factor loadings showed support for a general<br \/>\nstigma factor. Construct validity was supported by relationships<br \/>\nwith related constructs: self-esteem depression social<br \/>\nsupport and social conflict. Coefficient alphas ranging from<br \/>\n0.750.97 for the subscales (0.96 for stigma and shame<br \/>\n0.97 for social isolation 0.9 for discrimination and 0.75<br \/>\nfor smoking) and 0.98 for the 43-item Cataldo Lung Cancer<br \/>\nStigma Scale (CLCSS) provided evidence of reliability. The<br \/>\nfinal version of the CLCSS was 31 items. Coefficient alpha<br \/>\nwas recalculated for the total stigma scale (0.96) and the<br \/>\nfour subscales (0.97 for stigma and shame 0.96 for social<br \/>\nisolation 0.92 for discrimination and 0.75 for smoking).<br \/>\nConclusions: The CLCSS is a reliable and valid measure<br \/>\nof health-related stigma in this sample of people with lung<br \/>\ncancer.<br \/>\nImplications for Nursing: The CLCSS can be used to<br \/>\nidentify the presence and impact of lung cancer stigma and<br \/>\nallow for the development of effective stigma interventions<br \/>\nfor patients with lung cancer.<br \/>\nand more than a third of the sample associated lung<br \/>\ncancer with negative meaning (Sarna et al. 2005). The<br \/>\npurpose of this study was to psychometrically develop<br \/>\nand evaluate an instrument to measure stigma as perceived<br \/>\nby patients with lung cancer.<br \/>\nOncology Nursing Forum Vol. 38 No. 1 January 2011 E47<br \/>\nBackground<br \/>\nHealth-Related Stigma<br \/>\nHRS refers to a perceived stigma that is both a<br \/>\ntrait and the outcome of being known to possess that<br \/>\ntrait (Heijnders &amp; Van Der Meij 2006). The effects of<br \/>\nperceived stigma depend on whether patients hold<br \/>\nthemselves or if others hold the patients responsible<br \/>\nfor the disease and whether the disease leads to serious<br \/>\ndisability disfigurement lack of control or disruption<br \/>\nof social interactions (LoConte Else-Quest Eickhoff<br \/>\nHyde &amp; Schiller 2008). The association of stigma with<br \/>\nHIV and AIDS has been well established.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/orders\/ordernow\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com\/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTyj99p60XCLyLk1htB7-1neRt8-2QdnenNlQ&usqp=CAU\"target=\"_http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/orders\/ordernow\"\/><\/center><p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Can you tell from the title that this research study is going to be about developing and testing a new instrument? 2. Who are the intended participants? 3. Is the sample size adequate to produce accurate results? (Not in a pilot test). 4. What is the number of questions on the initial scale\/instrument before any&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24842","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Can you tell from the title that this research study is going to be about developing and testing a new instrument? - onlineclassesguru<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Can you tell from the title that this research study is going to be about developing and testing a new instrument?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/index.php\/2021\/01\/12\/can-you-tell-from-the-title-that-this-research-study-is-going-to-be-about-developing-and-testing-a-new-instrument\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Can you tell from the title that this research study is going to be about developing and testing a new instrument? 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