{"id":24462,"date":"2021-01-11T14:51:19","date_gmt":"2021-01-11T14:51:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/?p=24462"},"modified":"2021-01-11T14:51:19","modified_gmt":"2021-01-11T14:51:19","slug":"describe-the-absorption-of-cobalamin-vitamin-b12-in-the-normal-healthy-cat-discuss-the-mechanisms-by-which-intestinal-and-extra-intestinal-abnormalities-can-cause-cobalamin-deficiency-in-the-cat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/index.php\/2021\/01\/11\/describe-the-absorption-of-cobalamin-vitamin-b12-in-the-normal-healthy-cat-discuss-the-mechanisms-by-which-intestinal-and-extra-intestinal-abnormalities-can-cause-cobalamin-deficiency-in-the-cat\/","title":{"rendered":"DESCRIBE THE ABSORPTION OF COBALAMIN (VITAMIN B12) IN THE NORMAL HEALTHY CAT.Discuss the mechanisms by which intestinal and extra-intestinal abnormalities can cause cobalamin deficiency in the cat."},"content":{"rendered":"<style type=\"text\/css\"><\/style><h4>DESCRIBE THE ABSORPTION OF COBALAMIN (VITAMIN B12) IN THE NORMAL HEALTHY CAT.Discuss the mechanisms by which intestinal and extra-intestinal abnormalities<br \/>\ncan cause cobalamin deficiency in the cat.<\/h4>\n<p>a) Describe the absorption of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the normal healthy cat.<br \/>\n(12 marks)<br \/>\nb) Describe the function(s) of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the normal healthy cat.<br \/>\n(12 marks)<br \/>\nc) Discuss the mechanisms by which intestinal and extra-intestinal abnormalities<br \/>\ncan cause cobalamin deficiency in the cat. (24 marks)<br \/>\n2. Answer all parts of this question:<br \/>\na) Outline the current understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of feline<br \/>\nhypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) and its effect on cardiac<br \/>\nfunction. (15 marks)<br \/>\nb) Describe the role of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)<br \/>\nin normal cardiac function. Also describe how cTnI and n-terminal pro-BNP are<br \/>\naffected by cardiac and non-cardiac factors. (15 marks)<br \/>\nc) For cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, list three (3) measurements on twodimensional<br \/>\n(2D) and\/or motion mode (M-mode) echocardiography that have<br \/>\nbeen associated with prognosis. Briefly describe how each might affect outcome.<br \/>\n(9 marks)<br \/>\nd) The ratio of left atrial to aortic dimensions on a right parasternal short-axis view<br \/>\nis frequently used to assess volume loading of the left heart. Discuss the<br \/>\nstrengths and weaknesses of this measurement. (9 marks)<br \/>\nContinued over page<br \/>\nFeline Medicine Paper 1 Page 3 of 4<br \/>\n3. Answer both parts of this question:<br \/>\na) Discuss the proposed mechanisms for the aetiopathogenesis of feline<br \/>\ninflammatory bowel disease (IBD). (24 marks)<br \/>\nb) Describe all the features that may assist in the differentiation of a case of<br \/>\ngastrointestinal low-grade (small cell) alimentary lymphoma from severe IBD.<br \/>\n(24 marks)<br \/>\n4. Answer both parts of this question:<br \/>\na) Discuss the role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of primary immunemediated<br \/>\nanaemia, with reference to the normal process by which the immune<br \/>\nsystem recognises, processes and responds to self and non-self antigens. The use<br \/>\nof diagrams is permitted in your answer. (33 marks)<br \/>\nb) Briefly discuss the effects of each of the following drugs on the immune system:<br \/>\ni. prednisolone (5 marks)<br \/>\nii. cyclosporine (ciclosporin) (5 marks)<br \/>\niii. mycophenolic acid (mycophenolate mofetil). (5 marks)<br \/>\nContinued over page<br \/>\nFeline Medicine Paper 1 Page 4 of 4<br \/>\n5. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, antibody (Ab) testing and antigen (Ag)<br \/>\ntesting are widely used for the diagnosis of many feline infectious diseases. These<br \/>\ntests can vary in their sensitivities, specificities and positive and negative predictive<br \/>\nvalues.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/orders\/ordernow\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com\/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTyj99p60XCLyLk1htB7-1neRt8-2QdnenNlQ&usqp=CAU\"target=\"_http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/orders\/ordernow\"\/><\/center><p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DESCRIBE THE ABSORPTION OF COBALAMIN (VITAMIN B12) IN THE NORMAL HEALTHY CAT.Discuss the mechanisms by which intestinal and extra-intestinal abnormalities can cause cobalamin deficiency in the cat. a) Describe the absorption of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the normal healthy cat. (12 marks) b) Describe the function(s) of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the normal healthy cat&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24462","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>DESCRIBE THE ABSORPTION OF COBALAMIN (VITAMIN B12) IN THE NORMAL HEALTHY CAT.Discuss the mechanisms by which intestinal and extra-intestinal abnormalities can cause cobalamin deficiency in the cat. - onlineclassesguru<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"DESCRIBE THE ABSORPTION OF COBALAMIN (VITAMIN B12) IN THE NORMAL HEALTHY CAT.Discuss the mechanisms by which intestinal and extra-intestinal abnormalities can cause cobalamin deficiency in the cat.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/index.php\/2021\/01\/11\/describe-the-absorption-of-cobalamin-vitamin-b12-in-the-normal-healthy-cat-discuss-the-mechanisms-by-which-intestinal-and-extra-intestinal-abnormalities-can-cause-cobalamin-deficiency-in-the-cat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"DESCRIBE THE ABSORPTION OF COBALAMIN (VITAMIN B12) IN THE NORMAL HEALTHY CAT.Discuss the mechanisms by which intestinal and extra-intestinal abnormalities can cause cobalamin deficiency in the cat. - 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