{"id":1975,"date":"2020-10-29T12:15:55","date_gmt":"2020-10-29T12:15:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/?p=1975"},"modified":"2020-10-29T12:15:55","modified_gmt":"2020-10-29T12:15:55","slug":"ethnography-and-culture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/index.php\/2020\/10\/29\/ethnography-and-culture\/","title":{"rendered":"Ethnography and Culture"},"content":{"rendered":"<style type=\"text\/css\"><\/style><p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: 28px; color: #001847; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; background-color: #f0f4ff;\">\u201cEthnography and Culture\u201d by James P. Spradley<\/p>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box; color: #001847; font-family: Arimo, sans-serif; font-size: 28px; background-color: #f0f4ff;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">What is the definition of culture?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">How is this definition related to the way that anthropologists study culture?<\/p>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">culture is knowledge<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">that generates cultural behavior, cultural knowledge, and cultural artifacts;<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Also gives examples of cross-cultural misunderstanding.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Culture<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">is the learned and shared knowledge that people use to generate behavior and interpret experience (Spradley, 2).<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">And Ethnographic fieldwork is hallmark of Anthropology<\/p>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">To understand another culture from the native point of view.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Where in the jungles of Peru\u2026<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Or on a college campus<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\u201cEthnography\u2026the work of describing a culture\u201d (7)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">2. What is the relationship among cultural behavior, cultural artifacts and cultural knowledge?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Cultural knowledge is learned, not biologically inherited.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">At the moment of birth, we lack a system of beliefs, knowledge, and patterns of customary behavior.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">EG: We inherit the potential to cry, but we must learn our cultural rules for when crying is appropriate.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">EG: food<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">EG: relationship to dogs<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Culture is shared (social concept)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Culture is\u2026.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Learned (not innate or biological)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Dynamic (not static)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Varies<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Changes<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Shared<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Diverse \u2026 microcultures, subcultures, counterculture, dominant culture<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">How is this definition of culture<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">related to the way that anthropologists study culture?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">He draws on the experiences and ethnographies of anthropologist George Hicks.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">How does Spradley\u2019s discussion of Hicks illustrate the theme of the chapter Ethnography and Culture?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Rather than studying people\u2026<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Ethnography means learning from people.\u201d (7)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">EG: George Hicks (1965)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Immersion into Appalachian culture<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">How did he go about this?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">To learn another way of life\u2026that of mountain people in an Appalachian Valley<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Moved to Little Laurel Valley<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Daughter attended local school<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Wife became a local girl scout leader<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Hicks visited shops\/ shopkeepers\u2026center of the valley\u2019s communication system<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\u201cParticipant observation\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\u201cInsider\u2019s view\u201d (7)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Rites of passage and \u201crituals\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Hicks learned by<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Watching what other people did<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Followed their example<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Slowly became part of the groups that congregated in stores (7)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Gathered corn or hay<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Build shed<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Cut trees<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\u201cParticipant observation\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Reciprocity<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Listened to locals as Teachers and Storytellers<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Hicks sought to discover how these mountain people identified relatives and kin<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Obligations they felt toward kin<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">How they evaluated trees, galax, huckleberries \u2026.and each other<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Insider\u2019s point of view?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Spradley poses a question:<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\u201cImagine an Inuit woman setting out to learn the culture of MacAlester College? (or Drexel?)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">What would she, so well-schooled in rich heritage of Inuit culture, need to do to understand the university culture of students, faculty and staff(7)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">How would she discover patterns\u2026<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Avoid imposing her ideas, categories, values\u2026<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Set aside her \u201cna\u00efve realism\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Question 4. What are some examples of na\u00efve realism in the way Americans think about other cultures?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Ethnocentrism<\/p>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Ethnocentrism<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">A tendency to use your own group\u2019s ways of doing things as a yardstick for judging others.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">in-group loyalties<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">can discriminate against people whose ways differ from ours<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">What\u2019s the benchmark?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Technology?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Spirituality?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Kinship?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">In interpreting culture<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">What two forms of culture does Spradley discuss in the essay?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">What is the difference between them?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Interpreting culture<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">The Silent Language and The Hidden Dimension<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Edward Hall, 1959<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Explicit culture<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">What\u2019s known\/ conscious<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Tacit culture<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">cultural knowledge that is outside our awareness, i.e. unconscious.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Eg: space, spatial cues<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Arrangement of rooms, furniture<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\u201cPersonal bubbles\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Explicit culture<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Explicit culture makes up part of what we know, a level of knowledge people can communicate about with relative ease.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">In other words, it is culture that people are consciously aware of and can talk about.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Dress, language, behavior, know how, institutions (directly observable)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\u201cCultural markers\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Tacit culture<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">is cultural knowledge that is outside our awareness, i.e. unconscious.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">People lack words for it.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Often unspoken,<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Moral values, beliefs, representations<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Culture\u2026.in some ways like\u2026<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Stage, stage setting &amp; cast of characters\u2026and stage directions \u201croles\u201d and rules of behavior or engagement or \u201ccodes\u201d [Schneider in Delaney 15]<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">What\u2019s appropriate\/ inappropriate?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\u201cLittle routines\u201d (Sherry Ortner)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">British tea<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Coffee<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Smoothies<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Social cohesion<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Norms<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Folkways<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Mores<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Laws<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Taboos<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Deviance as \u201cany violation of norms.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">It is not an act itself that makes an action deviant, but rather how society reacts to that act (Becker cited in Henslin,140).<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\u201cMoral holidays\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">locations or times when people are allowed to break norms. Can you think of any other times or events where you can get away from normal expectations<\/p>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">What examples does Spradley give<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">for to help us better understand \u201cculture\u201d?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Examples to illustrate:<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">1) Peoples behaviors on a commuter train in Chicago<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">2) Article in Minneapolis Tribune about an incident in Hartford, CT<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Example 1: Peoples behaviors on a commuter train in Chicago<\/p>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Reservoir of cultural knowledge<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Explicit\/ tacit culture<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Noticeable \u201cpatterns\u201d?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Cultural behavior, cultural knowledge and cultural artifacts<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Example 2: Article in Minneapolis Tribune\u2026. (incident in Hartford, CT)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\u201cCrowd mistakes rescue attempt, attacks police\u201d (9)<\/p>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Points made?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Crowd mistakes rescue attempt, attacks police<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Interpreting cultural behavior, cultural knowledge &amp; cultural artifacts<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">What shapes different \u201cgroup perceptions\u201d?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">What concept does Spradley illustrate in the examples?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Any contemporary examples i.e. different groups interpreting the same event\/ situation from different perspectives?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Symbolic interactionism<\/p>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Three premises of social interactionism<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">1) Human beings act toward things that have meaning for them\u2026.people, things, actions\u2026 \u201csymbols\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">2) meaning of such things is derived , or arises out of , the social interaction that one has with one\u2019s fellows.\u201d (11)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\u201cMeanings are handled and modified through an interpretive process used by a person dealing with the people and things s\/he encounters\u201d (11)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Three symbolic interactionists\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Herbert Blumer<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Symbolic Interactionism, 1969<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Herbert Mead<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">the \u201csocial self\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Charles Horton Cooley<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\u201cThe Looking Glass Self<\/p>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\u201cCulture is best thought of as<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\u2026 as a set of principles for creating dramas, for writing script &amp; for recruiting players and audiences\u2026\u201d (12)<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">More than a cognitive map<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Recurrent activities<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Patterns<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Rituals<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Roles<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Codes<\/p>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">in \u201cEthnography and Culture\u201d the author<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Draws similarities between culture as acquired knowledge and symbolic interactionism<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Offers the viewpoint of culture as a cognitive map<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Need to take matters of \u2018meaning\u2019 seriously!<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">People are not just map readers\u2026.we are map makers<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Participating in the construction of our realities.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">The Spradley essay<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">concludes with \u201cfood for thought\u201d about a template or model for cross-cultural understanding.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">What does he advocate for?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">How does he assert a role for an ethnographic approach to understanding culture especially if different from our own?<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Model for cross cultural understanding<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Non-judgmental<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Participant observer<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Dialectical<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Listen<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Seeing the world \u201cthrough their eyes\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Works Cited:<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Haviland, William, Harold Prins, Bunny McBride and Walrath (2013). Cultural Anthropology 14TH edition Cengage.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">Spradley, James P. (1980, 2015) \u201cEthnography and Culture\u201d In Conformity and Culture: Readings in Cultural Anthropology. pp:6-12.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: unset;\">McCurdy, David W. , Dianna Shandy and James P. Spradley. (2016) Conformity and Conflict: Readings in Cultural Anthropology, 15th edition.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><center><a href=\"http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/orders\/ordernow\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com\/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTyj99p60XCLyLk1htB7-1neRt8-2QdnenNlQ&usqp=CAU\"target=\"_http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/orders\/ordernow\"\/><\/center><p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cEthnography and Culture\u201d by James P. Spradley What is the definition of culture? How is this definition related to the way that anthropologists study culture? culture is knowledge that generates cultural behavior, cultural knowledge, and cultural artifacts; Also gives examples of cross-cultural misunderstanding. Culture is the learned and shared knowledge that people use to generate&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1975","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ethnography and Culture - onlineclassesguru<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/index.php\/2020\/10\/29\/ethnography-and-culture\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ethnography and Culture - onlineclassesguru\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u201cEthnography and Culture\u201d by James P. 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