{"id":13607,"date":"2020-11-24T09:06:24","date_gmt":"2020-11-24T09:06:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/index.php\/2020\/11\/24\/psychological-disorders\/"},"modified":"2020-11-24T09:06:24","modified_gmt":"2020-11-24T09:06:24","slug":"psychological-disorders","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/index.php\/2020\/11\/24\/psychological-disorders\/","title":{"rendered":"psychological disorders"},"content":{"rendered":"<style type=\"text\/css\"><\/style><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>True \/ False<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>1. Simply imaging something pleasant is not sufficient to \u00a0\u00a0stimulate the release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens; the event must \u00a0\u00a0actually be experienced.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>True<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>False<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>2. Addictive drugs strongly activate the nucleus accumbens \u00a0\u00a0by releasing dopamine or norepinephrine there.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>True<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>False<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>3. After a long period of abstinence, exposure to cues \u00a0\u00a0associated with the substance are very unlikely to trigger a renewed \u00a0\u00a0craving.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>True<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>False<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>4. Symptoms of marijuana withdrawal include anxiety, \u00a0\u00a0sweating, vomiting, and diarrhea.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>True<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>False<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>5. Studies of the genetics of addiction have implicated the \u00a0\u00a0gene that controls COMT, an enzyme that breaks down norepinephrine.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>True<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>False<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>6. Medications like Antabuse combat alcohol abuse by \u00a0\u00a0blocking opiate receptors and thereby decrease the pleasure from alcohol.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>True<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>False<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>7. Autism spectrum disorder encompasses both autism and \u00a0\u00a0what used to be called Asperger\u2019s syndrome.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>True<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>False<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>8. Many fad treatments for autism spectrum disorders make \u00a0\u00a0the parents feel good that they are trying something, but otherwise, they are \u00a0\u00a0a waste of time and money.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>True<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>False<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>9. Less than 5% of mothers who have children with autism \u00a0\u00a0have antibodies that attack certain brain proteins.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>True<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>False<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>10. Most depressed people have decreased activity in the \u00a0\u00a0left and increased activity in the right prefrontal cortex.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>True<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>False<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>11. The first successful treatment for bipolar disorder, \u00a0\u00a0and still the most common one, is lithium salts.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>True<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>False<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>12. Antidepressant drugs have effects at the synapse within \u00a0\u00a0hours, but may take weeks to change behavior.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>True<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>False<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>13. Exposure to bright lights is one effective treatment for \u00a0\u00a0SAD.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>True<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>False<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>14. The ventricles are larger than normal in people with \u00a0\u00a0schizophrenia.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>True<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>False<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>15. Atypical antipsychotics are effective in treating only \u00a0\u00a0the positive symptoms of schizophrenia.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>True<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>False<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Multiple Choice<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>16. A drug that mimics or increases the effects of a \u00a0\u00a0neurotransmitter is called a(n) ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bagonist<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bantagonist<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bstimulant<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bprotagonist<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>17. A drug that blocks the effects of a neurotransmitter is \u00a0\u00a0called a(n) ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bagonist<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bantagonist<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdepressant<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bprotagonist<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>18. A drug that blocks the effects of a neurotransmitter is \u00a0\u00a0a(n) ____; a drug that mimics or increases the effects is a(n) ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bneuromodulator; synergist<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bagonist; antagonist<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdepressant; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0stimulant<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bantagonist; agonist<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>19. Which effect would be considered to be antagonistic?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bblocking the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0synthesis of neurotransmitters<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bstimulating the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0release of neurotransmitters<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bblocking the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0reuptake of neurotransmitters<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200binterfering with \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0the breakdown of neurotransmitters<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>20. \u200bWhich effect would be considered to be agonistic?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bblocking the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0synthesis of neurotransmitters<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bstimulating the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0release of neurotransmitters<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bblocking the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0postsynaptic receptors<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmimicking enzymes \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0that breakdown neurotransmitters<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>21. \u200bTo say that a drug has an affinity for a particular \u00a0\u00a0type of receptor is to imply that the drug ____.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbreaks down \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0neurotransmitter chemicals at that receptor site<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bwill always excite \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0the postsynaptic receptor<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bwill always inhibit \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0the postsynaptic receptor<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbinds to that \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0receptor<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>22. \u200bWith respect to drug effects, \u201cefficacy\u201d \u00a0\u00a0means the tendency of a drug to ____.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhave inhibitory \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0effects<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhave excitatory \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0effects<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200battach to a \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0receptor<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bactivate a receptor<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>23. \u200bThe brain area most often linked to drug addiction is \u00a0\u00a0the ____.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bnucleus accumbens<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bwhole limbic system<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bfrontal lobes<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbrain stem<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>24. \u200bWhich neurotransmitter has been repeatedly connected \u00a0\u00a0with addictive drugs?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bepinephrine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bacetylcholine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bserotonin<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdopamine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>25. \u200bAn insistent search for the substance or activity to \u00a0\u00a0which the individual is addicted is called ____.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200btolerance<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bcraving<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bwithdrawal<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>abstinence\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>26. \u200bAs an addiction develops, many of its effects, \u00a0\u00a0especially the enjoyable effects, decrease, a phenomenon known as____.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200btolerance<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>craving<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>withdrawal<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200babstinence<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>27. As the body comes to expect the drug under certain \u00a0\u00a0circumstances, it reacts strongly when the drug is absent, a reaction known \u00a0\u00a0as ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200btolerance<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bcraving<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bwithdrawal<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200babstinence<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>28. Attempts to identify individual genes associated with addiction \u00a0\u00a0have found ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmany genes, each \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0with a small effect<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200ba small number of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0genes with limited cumulative effects<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmany genes, each \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0with a substantial effect<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200ba small number of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0genes with substantial cumulative effects<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>29. A key gene in addiction controls COMT, an enzyme that \u00a0\u00a0breaks down ____ after its release.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bserotonin<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bnorepinephrine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdopamine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bGABA<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>30. People with Type II (Type B) alcoholism ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhave rapid onset \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0alcoholism<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhave few symptoms \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0prior to middle age<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bare typically \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0female<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bexperience few \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0problems as a result of their alcoholism<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>31. Studies of individuals at high risk of alcoholism show \u00a0\u00a0that ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bsons of alcoholics \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0show more than average intoxication after drinking a moderate amount \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0of alcohol<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdaughters of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0alcoholics show less than average intoxication after drinking a moderate \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0amount of alcohol<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200balcohol \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0paradoxically increases stress for sons of alcoholics rather than \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0decreasing it<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200balcohol decreases \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0stress more for sons of alcoholics than it does for others<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>32. Which drug is used in the treatment of opiate addiction \u00a0\u00a0and has the advantage of producing a long-lasting effect so that the person \u00a0\u00a0visits a clinic three times a week instead of daily?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bAntabuse<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bnaloxone<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bLAAM<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmethodone<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>33. A common drug to treat alcoholism that produces illness \u00a0\u00a0after consuming alcohol is ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bAntabuse<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bnaloxone<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bLAAM<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmethodone<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>34. Which drug is used in the treatment of alcoholism to \u00a0\u00a0block opiate receptors and thus reduce the pleasure from alcohol?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bAntabuse<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bnaloxone<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bLAAM<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmethodone<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>35. Which drug is viewed as a less potentially harmful \u00a0\u00a0substitute for heroin and is taken orally every day?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bAntabuse<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bnaloxone<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bLAAMmethodone<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>36. Worldwide, the median incidence estimate for autism \u00a0\u00a0spectrum disorders is about one in ____. \u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200b60<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200b160<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200b260<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200b600<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>37. Several studies on the role of genetics in autism have \u00a0\u00a0focused on ____ \u2014enzymes that regulate the repair and replication of DNA and \u00a0\u00a0the production of certain types of RNA\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200btopoisomerases<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bproteases<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200blipases<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhydrolases<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>38. Women who take folic acid pills during pregnancy have \u00a0\u00a0about ____ the probability of having a child with autism as compared to other \u00a0\u00a0women.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bone-tenth<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhalf<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200btwice<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bten times<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>39. About 12% of the mothers of children who have autism \u00a0\u00a0spectrum disorders have ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200ba family history of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0autism spectrum disorders<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bantibodies that \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0attack certain brain proteins<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bextremely low \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0levels of folic acid<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200ba history of heavy \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0alcohol use during pregnancy<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>40. Studies of the genetics of autism spectrum disorders \u00a0\u00a0indicate that ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmany cases result \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0from new mutations or microdeletions in any of a number of genes<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200ba small number of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0genes appear to be involved in autism spectrum disorders<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmost mutations and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0deletions implicated in autism spectrum disorders are inherited from \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0mothers<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bvery young maternal \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0age and very young paternal age independently increase the risk of autism \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0spectrum disorders<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>41. The primary symptoms of autism spectrum disorders \u00a0\u00a0include ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdeficits in social \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0exchanges<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bsevere intellectual \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0disabilities<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bexcessive, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0unwavering eye contact<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bextremely powerful \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0memory skills<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>42. Which autism treatment is most widely used?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bthe use of first \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0generation antipsychotics<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bincrease action \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0potential velocity<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdietary \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0modifications such as elimination of sugar or food dyes<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bthe use of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0chelation to remove heavy metals from the blood<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>43. As compared to non-depressed people, depressed \u00a0\u00a0individuals ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhave greater \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0unpleasant events<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200breact worse to \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0unpleasant events<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhave fewer pleasant \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0experiences<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200breact more to \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0pleasant experiences<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>44. What can be said about treatment for autism spectrum \u00a0\u00a0disorders?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bWhile drugs like \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0risperidone can be used to reduce stereotyped behaviors, they have a risk \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0of dangerous side-effects.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bThe use of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0stimulant drugs may increase social behavior and communication.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bNew treatments, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0including chelation, appear to have great promise.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bUse of the high \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0fat, ketogenic diet used for some children with intractable epilepsy, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0appears helpful.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>45. People with late-onset depression are more likely than \u00a0\u00a0other people to have relatives with which type of disorder?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdiabetes<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bcirculatory \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0problems<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmental retardation<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>skin diseases<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>46. Which is true when considering the role of genetics in \u00a0\u00a0depression?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bLate-onset \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0depression has higher heritability than early-onset depression.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bDepression in males \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0runs in families, depression in females does not.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bAdopted children \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0who become depressed are more likely to have depressed biological relatives \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0than depressed adoptive relatives.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bAdopted children \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0who become depressed are more likely to have depressed adoptive relatives \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0than depressed biological relatives.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>47. On average, those with the short form of the ____ \u00a0\u00a0transporter gene and a history of stressful experiences reported more than \u00a0\u00a0average symptoms of depression. \u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bacetylcholine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdopamine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bserotonin<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bcalcium<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>48. Most depressed people show ____ activity in the ____ \u00a0\u00a0prefrontal cortex.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bincreased; left<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdecreased; left<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdecreased; right<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bincreased; right \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0and left<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>49. Which symptoms are the most likely side effects of \u00a0\u00a0tricyclic antidepressants?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bincreased reaction \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0to eating cheese<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bnausea and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0headaches<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdrowsiness and dry \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0mouth<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bcramping and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0diarrhea<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>50. Which category of antidepressant drugs operates by \u00a0\u00a0blocking the transporter proteins that reabsorb serotonin, dopamine, and \u00a0\u00a0norepinephrine into the presynaptic neuron after their release?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200btricyclics<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bMAOIs<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bselective serotonin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0reuptake inhibitors<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200batypical \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0antidepressants<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>51. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors operate \u00a0\u00a0similarly to ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200btricyclics<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bMAOIs<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bAntabuse<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bL-Dopa<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>52. Which category of antidepressant drugs operates by \u00a0\u00a0blocking the enzyme that metabolizes catecholamines and serotonin into \u00a0\u00a0inactive forms?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200btricyclics<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bMAOIs<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bselective serotonin \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0reuptake inhibitors<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200batypical \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0antidepressants<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>53. In contrast to tricyclics, selective serotonin reuptake \u00a0\u00a0inhibitors (SSRIs) ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bblock reuptake of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0both catecholamines and serotonin<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bincrease action \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0potential velocity<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bblock the reuptake \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0of only serotonin<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bact on the left \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0hemisphere while tricyclics act on the right<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>54. One potentially dangerous side effect of St. John\u2019s \u00a0\u00a0wort is that it ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bincreases the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0effectiveness of other medications the person may be taking<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdecreases the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0effectiveness of other medications the person may be taking<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bprevents the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0reuptake of serotonin<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200braises blood \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0pressure after the person eats tyramine-rich food<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>55. ____ is a treatment for depression that electrically \u00a0\u00a0induces a seizure.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bElectromagnetic \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0therapy<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bRepetitive \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0transcranial magnetic stimulation<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bElectroconvulsive \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0shock therapy<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bTranscranial magnetic \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0stimulation<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>56. The use of electroconvulsive shock declined in the \u00a0\u00a01950s because ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200blegal concerns \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0arose with its use as a therapy<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200ba new theory of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0depression called the treatment into question<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bantidepressant \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0drugs became available<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200ba federal report \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0concluded that it was almost never effective<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>57. Electroconvulsive therapy is sometimes recommended for \u00a0\u00a0patients with strong suicidal tendencies because it ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bproduces its \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0benefits faster<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdoes not impair \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0memory<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bproduces permanent, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0not temporary, relief<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bis based on a \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0theory, not just trial and error discoveries<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>58. The most common side effect of electroconvulsive shock \u00a0\u00a0therapy is ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdry mouth and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0blurred vision<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdamage to the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0frontal lobes<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmemory loss<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhigh probability of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0broken bones during the treatment<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>59. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is similar \u00a0\u00a0to ECT in that ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bboth deal with \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0magnetic stimulation<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bboth increase the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0frequency of action potentials<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bboth are effective \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0in alleviating depression and no one knows why<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bneither requires \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0patient consent<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>60. In certain cases, it is possible to relieve depression \u00a0\u00a0by changing a person\u2019s ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bsleeping schedule<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200beating schedule<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bexercise schedule<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bself-grooming \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0habits<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>61. Which of the following characterizes the total brain \u00a0\u00a0activity, as measured by the rate of glucose metabolism, in those suffering \u00a0\u00a0from mood disorders?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhigh in both mania \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0and depression<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200blow in both mania \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0and depression<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200blow in mania and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0high in depression<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhigh in mania and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0low in depression<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>62. Bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder differ with \u00a0\u00a0regard to ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhow many relatives \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0also have the condition<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhow rapidly the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0cycles occur<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bwhether they \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0include full-blown manic phases<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bwhether they \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0develop suddenly at an early age or gradually at a later age<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>63. Lithium is most commonly prescribed for which \u00a0\u00a0disorder?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bseasonal affective \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bendogenous \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0depression<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200breactive depression<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbipolar disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>64. Physicians must carefully monitor the dose of lithium \u00a0\u00a0they give to bipolar patients because ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bpeople develop a \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0tolerance to the drug and must gradually increase their dosage<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bpeople develop a \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0sensitivity to the drug and must gradually decrease their dosage<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bthe amount of drug \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0needed to achieve a good effect varies from one time of year to another<\/p>\n<p>\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bthe most beneficial \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dosage is just less than the dosage that is toxic<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>65. What do the drugs valproate and carbamazepine share in \u00a0\u00a0common with lithium?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bThey are used to \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0treat schizophrenia.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bThey block the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0synthesis of arachidonic acid.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bThey inhibit GABA.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bThey are 100% \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0effective in treating bipolar disorder.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>66. Similar to depressed patients, bipolar patients may \u00a0\u00a0benefit from a change in their ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bwork schedule<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200broommates<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bsleep schedule<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bexercise routine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>67. People suffering from seasonal affective disorder are \u00a0\u00a0most likely become depressed ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bafter the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0holidays<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bin the fall<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bin the winter<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bat solstices<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>68. Where is seasonal affective disorder most common?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bin large cities<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bin small towns and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0rural areas<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bin tropical areas<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bnear the poles<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>69. What is one of the best treatments for seasonal \u00a0\u00a0affective disorder?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbright light<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200belectroconvulsive \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0shock therapy<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200badrenal hormones<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdietary changes<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>70. Which disorder is characterized by a deteriorating \u00a0\u00a0ability to function in everyday life and some combination of hallucinations, \u00a0\u00a0delusions, disorganized speech, and grossly disorganized behavior?<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbipolar disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhypomania<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmultiple \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0personality<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bschizophrenia<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>71. Which behavior is most suggestive of schizophrenia?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200balternation between \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0one personality and another<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200boutbursts of unprovoked \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0violent behavior toward strangers<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdeterioration of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0daily functioning with disorganized speech and behavior<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bepisodes of being \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0unable to remember certain events of one\u2019s past<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>72. ____ was originally called\u00a0<em>dementia praecox<\/em>.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bBipolar disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bSchizophrenia<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bDissociative \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0identity disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bHuntington\u2019s \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0disease<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>73. Dissociative identity disorder was previously known as \u00a0\u00a0____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmultiple \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0personality disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bschizophrenia<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bborderline \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0personality disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbipolar disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>74. An example of a \u201cnegative symptom\u201d of \u00a0\u00a0schizophrenia is ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhallucinations<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bpoor emotional \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0expression<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdelusions<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bthought disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>75. A schizophrenic patient whose main symptoms are lack of \u00a0\u00a0emotional expression, lack of social interaction, and lack of speech is \u00a0\u00a0suffering from ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bpositive symptoms<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bnegative symptoms<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bthought disorders<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdelusions<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>76. One of the main problems with schizophrenia is ____ \u00a0\u00a0that result from abnormal interactions between the cortex and the thalamus \u00a0\u00a0and cerebellum.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bspeech problem<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200babsent signs of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0emotion<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdisordered thoughts<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdelusions<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>77. What is the difference between positive and negative \u00a0\u00a0schizophrenic symptoms?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbeneficial \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0behaviors versus harmful behaviors<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbehaviors that are \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0present versus behaviors that are absent<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbehaviors that are \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0related to abnormal brain functioning versus those that are not<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbehaviors shown by \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0one personality versus behaviors shown by another<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>78. Hallucinations, delusions, and grossly disorganized \u00a0\u00a0behavior are classified as which kind of symptoms?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bpositive symptoms<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bneutral symptoms<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bnegative symptoms<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bambiguous symptoms<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>79. A delusion is a(n) ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bsensory experience \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0that does not correspond to reality<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200binability to \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0understand abstract concepts<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bunfounded belief<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bloss of memory for \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0part of one\u2019s past<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>80. What Bleuler meant by schizophrenia was a split between \u00a0\u00a0____ and ____ aspects of experience. \u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bemotional; behavioral<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bemotional; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0realistic<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bintellectual; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0behavioral<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bemotional; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0intellectual<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>81. Disorganized speech and grossly disorganized behavior \u00a0\u00a0represent the ____ in schizophrenia.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200ba wide range of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0possible positive symptoms<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200ba concrete set of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0defining positive symptoms<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200ba wide range of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0possible negative symptoms<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200ba concrete set of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0defining negative symptoms<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>82. What is the most common cognitive symptom of \u00a0\u00a0schizophrenia?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bobsessive \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0concentration on a single idea<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200balternating between \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0one personality and another<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bexcessive attention \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0to detail when discussing a topic<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bimpaired \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0understanding of abstract concepts<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>83. A first diagnosis of schizophrenia is usually made for \u00a0\u00a0a male in which age range?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bpreteens<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200b20s<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200b30s or 40s<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200b50s or beyond<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>84. The concordance rate of schizophrenia among twins is \u00a0\u00a0____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhigher in dizygotic \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0than monozygotic twins<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhigher in \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0monozygotic than dizygotic twins<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bequally high in \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0monozygotic and dizygotic twins<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bvery difficult to \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0determine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>85. The concordance rate for schizophrenia is around ____ \u00a0\u00a0percent for monozygotic twins.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200b0<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200b10<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200b50<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200b90<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>86. When an adopted child develops schizophrenia, the \u00a0\u00a0disease is significantly more probable among the ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200badopting relatives \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0than the biological relatives<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbiological \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0relatives than the adopting relatives<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bsiblings than the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0parents<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bfathers than the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0mothers<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>87. One important factor to consider when making judgments \u00a0\u00a0about the relative influence of genetics on schizophrenia is the ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200brole of evolution<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bage of the mother<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bsize of school they \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0attend<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bprenatal \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0environment<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>88. Genetic studies of schizophrenia have found that ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bthere are probably \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0several possible genes that increase a person\u2019s risk for schizophrenia<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200ba single gene on \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0the X chromosome accounts for most cases of schizophrenia<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bschizophrenia has \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0about the same heritability as Huntington\u2019s disease<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdizygotic twins are \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0more concordant for schizophrenia than monozygotic twins<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>89. One gene of interest in schizophrenia is DISC1. This \u00a0\u00a0gene ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bcontrols \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0differentiation and migration of neurons in brain development<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200balters the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0metabolism of glucose, especially in the brain<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bcontrols the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0breakdown of norepinephrine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200balters the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0responsiveness of the nucleus accumbens<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>90. Researchers have had trouble replicating studies that \u00a0\u00a0found a particular gene linked to schizophrenia. According to one recent \u00a0\u00a0hypothesis, ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bgenes in fact have \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0nothing to do with schizophrenia<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bthe same genes \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0responsible for schizophrenia also produce Huntington\u2019s disease<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bspontaneous \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0mutations in any of hundreds of genes can cause schizophrenia<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmost genetic researchers \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0fail to examine the X and Y chromosomes<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>91. Which of the following increases the probability that \u00a0\u00a0someone will develop schizophrenia?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhaving an older \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0than average father<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhaving at least one \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0older brother<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbeing the only \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0child in the family<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhaving a mother who \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0is older than the father<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>92. What is one factor in prenatal development that has \u00a0\u00a0been found to be related to increased incidences of schizophrenia later in \u00a0\u00a0life?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bexcess sex hormones \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0during the third trimester<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bprenatal exposure \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0to\u00a0<em>Toxoplasma gondii<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200black of exercise by \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0the mother early in pregnancy<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bepisodes of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0maternal depression<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>93. Which factor is sometimes taken as evidence that \u00a0\u00a0schizophrenia might be caused by a virus?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bthe age at which \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0symptoms appear<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bthe high \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0concordance between paternal half-siblings<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bthe season-of-birth \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0effect<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bthe relationship \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0between schizophrenia and stressful experiences<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>94. Brain differences common to schizophrenia include \u00a0\u00a0____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200blarger than normal \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0cerebral ventricles<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200ba proliferation of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0glial cells<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bloss of axons \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0between the substantia nigra and the basal ganglia<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200ba heavier forebrain<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>95. The planum temporale is slightly ____ in the ____ \u00a0\u00a0temporal lobe of schizophrenics as compared to most other people.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdeformed; left<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200blarger; left<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200blarger; right<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bsmaller; right<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>96. The areas with the most consistent signs of abnormality \u00a0\u00a0in schizophrenics include the ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdorsolateral \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0prefrontal cortex<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmedulla<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200boccipital lobes<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bparietal lobes<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>97. The problems that schizophrenics have with memory and \u00a0\u00a0attention are most likely related to an increased tendency of having brain \u00a0\u00a0damage in the ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bcerebellum tentio<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bprefrontal cortex<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200boccipital cortex<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmedulla<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>98. \u200bPeople with schizophrenia have lower than normal \u00a0\u00a0overall activity in the ____.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhypothalamus<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bthalamus<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bleft hemisphere<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bright hemisphere<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>99. Research suggests that the brain abnormalities of \u00a0\u00a0schizophrenics develop ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bearly and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0progressively get worse<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bearly and then \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0remain fairly steady<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200blate in life and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0progressively get worse<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200blate in life and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0remain fairly steady<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>100. Prior to the 1950s, few schizophrenic patients who \u00a0\u00a0entered a mental hospital ever left. The discovery most responsible for \u00a0\u00a0alleviating that situation was the discovery of ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bchlorpromazine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bthe prefrontal \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0lobotomy<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200belectroconvulsive \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0therapy<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bMAOIs<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>101. Another term for antipsychotic drugs is ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbenzodiazepines<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bneuroleptics<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200btricyclics<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bstimulants<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>102. The two chemical families to which most antipsychotic \u00a0\u00a0drugs belong are ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bphenothiazines and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0butyrophenones<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200btricyclics and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0MAOIs<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bnitrates and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0glucocorticoids<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbenzodiazepines and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0antihistamines<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>103. Which of the following is an effect of most \u00a0\u00a0antipsychotic drugs?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bincreased release \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0of acetylcholine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdecreased reuptake \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0of serotonin<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bincreased synthesis \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0of norepinephrine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bblockage of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dopamine receptors<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>104. The doses of various drugs that are typically \u00a0\u00a0prescribed for schizophrenia are closely related to the strength of what \u00a0\u00a0effect?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200belevated alpha \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0waves on an EEG<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bblockage of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dopamine receptors<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdelays in the onset \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0of REM sleep<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bincreases in the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0rate of dopamine synthesis<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>105. Repeated use of large doses of amphetamine or cocaine \u00a0\u00a0can lead to a behavioral condition similar to ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bschizophrenia<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbipolar disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200battention deficit \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdepression<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>106. An individual shows symptoms resembling schizophrenia, \u00a0\u00a0especially the positive symptoms, but is not schizophrenic. Which of the \u00a0\u00a0following disorders is most likely?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bseasonal affective \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bbipolar disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bsubstance-induced \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0psychotic disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bKorsakoff\u2019s \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0syndrome<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>107. An alternative to the dopamine hypothesis of \u00a0\u00a0schizophrenia is the proposal that schizophrenia may be due to a deficiency \u00a0\u00a0of activity of ____ synapses.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bserotonin<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bglutamate<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bsubstance P<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bacetylcholine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>108. Phencyclidine (PCP), which can produce psychotic \u00a0\u00a0symptoms resembling schizophrenia, has which effect?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bIt inhibits the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0NMDA glutamate receptors.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bIt interferes with \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0dopamine release.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bIt prolongs activity \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0at serotonin synapses.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bIt directly \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0stimulates acetylcholine receptors.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>109. The amino acid, glycine, provides a possible \u00a0\u00a0co-treatment for schizophrenia because it ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bcan be chemically \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0converted into dopamine<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bincreases the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0effectiveness of glutamate<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdecreases the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0effectiveness of glutamate<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bincreases the \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0growth and division of glia cells<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>110. For schizophrenics, atypical antipsychotics are more \u00a0\u00a0effective than typical antipsychotics in ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200breducing positive \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0symptoms<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200breducing negative \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0symptoms<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bincreasing negative \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0symptoms<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bblocking glutamate \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0receptors<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>111. A serious side effect that develops in some people \u00a0\u00a0after prolonged use of neuroleptic drugs is ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200btardive dyskinesia<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200battention deficit \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bsaccadic eye \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0movements<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bseasonal affective \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0disorder<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>112. The symptoms of tardive dyskinesia are ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200banterograde and \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0retrograde amnesia<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200btremors and other \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0involuntary movements<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200boutbursts of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0unprovoked violent behavior<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200battacks of anxiety \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0that prevent active behavior<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>113. What happens when schizophrenics stop taking \u00a0\u00a0neuroleptic drugs?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bAuditory \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0hallucinations dissipate slowly.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bSchizophrenic \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0symptoms return immediately and with more intensity.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bTardive dyskinesia \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0may continue.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bMemory problems \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0become more apparent.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>114. Atypical antipsychotic drugs alleviate schizophrenia \u00a0\u00a0with fewer side effects than other drugs because they ____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bstimulate dopamine \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0synapses instead of blocking them<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bact at \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0acetylcholine synapses instead of dopamine synapses<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhave a greater effect \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0on dopamine type D2 receptors<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bmore strongly \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0antagonize serotonin type 5-HT2 receptors<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>115. All things considered, the atypical antipsychotics \u00a0\u00a0____.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bare far more \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0cost-effective than the older drugs<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bdo not improve \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0overall quality of life more than older drugs<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bare preferable \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0because they have, at most, only mild side-effects<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bhave a much higher \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0risk of movement disorders<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>116. Which statement about the long-term course for people \u00a0\u00a0diagnosed with schizophrenia is true?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>a.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bAbout one-third \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0recover from the first episode and do not become psychotic again.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>b.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bUp to one-fourth \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0will have a serious disorder throughout their lives.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>c.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bAbout one-half will \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0develop progressive brain deterioration that continues throughout life.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>d.<\/p>\n<p>\u200bUp to one-third \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0will go on to develop dementia by their 40s.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Essay<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>117. Define major depression.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>118. Briefly describe the four major categories of \u00a0\u00a0antidepressant drugs<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>LEARNING OBJECTIVES: \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>KALA.BIOP.16.14.05 \u2013 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Describe medical and behavioral treatments for several psychological \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0disorders.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>TOPICS: \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>14.2 Mood Disorders<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>119. What are the key symptoms of autism spectrum \u00a0\u00a0disorders?\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>ANSWER: \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>DIFFICULTY: \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>REFERENCES: \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>LEARNING OBJECTIVES: \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>TOPICS: \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>120. Describe the difference between positive and negative \u00a0\u00a0symptoms of schizophrenia and give some examples of each.\u200b<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>ANSWER: \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>DIFFICULTY: \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>REFERENCES: \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>LEARNING OBJECTIVES: \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>KALA.BIOP.16.14.03 \u2013 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Compare the role of genetics in substance abuse, depression, schizophrenia, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0and autism.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>TOPICS: \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>14.3 Schizophrenia<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>121. Describe the differences between antagonists and \u00a0\u00a0agonists.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>LEARNING OBJECTIVES: \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>KALA.BIOP.16.14.02 \u2013 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Discuss cravings and their role in addiction.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>TOPICS: \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>14.1 Substance Abuse \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0and Addiction<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/orders\/ordernow\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com\/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTyj99p60XCLyLk1htB7-1neRt8-2QdnenNlQ&usqp=CAU\"target=\"_http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/orders\/ordernow\"\/><\/center><p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; True \/ False &nbsp; 1. Simply imaging something pleasant is not sufficient to \u00a0\u00a0stimulate the release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens; the event must \u00a0\u00a0actually be experienced.\u200b &nbsp; a. True &nbsp; b. False &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2. Addictive drugs strongly activate the nucleus accumbens \u00a0\u00a0by releasing dopamine or norepinephrine there&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13607","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>psychological disorders - onlineclassesguru<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/onlineclassesguru.com\/index.php\/2020\/11\/24\/psychological-disorders\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"psychological disorders - onlineclassesguru\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp; True \/ False &nbsp; 1. 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Simply imaging something pleasant is not sufficient to \u00a0\u00a0stimulate the release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens; the event must \u00a0\u00a0actually be experienced.\u200b &nbsp; a. True &nbsp; b. False &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2. 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